Data & Research
Explore data, dashboards, and research products about Covered California’s marketplace, enrollment, plan offerings, and consumer experience.
Use the categories below to quickly find Covered California data files, dashboards, reports, and research resources.
Data
Enrollment & Application
Health Care Cost & Utilization
Products, Networks, & Premiums
Additional Data Resources
Research & Analysis
Issue Briefs & Policy Analyses
Consumer Research & Surveys
Legislative & Other Reports
Published Research
Enrollment & Application
This section provides annual, quarterly, and monthly data on Covered California enrollment and applications, including Open Enrollment, Renewals, Medi-Cal transitions, and related dashboards. Resources are organized by profile type and reporting year.
Enrollment Dashboards
The Membership Dashboard reports monthly counts of consumers enrolled in a Covered California health plan since 2019. Effectuated enrollments include consumers who have paid their first month's premium following plan selection; this is also referred to as "active health coverage". Data is refreshed monthly and includes counts of effectuated consumers as of the date of publication.
The Open Enrollment & Renewals Enrollment Report provides weekly updates to the counts of consumers enrolling in a health plan through Covered California over the course of the Open Enrollment Period.
Open Enrollment Plan Selection Profiles
Use the table below to download annual Open Enrollment Net and Gross Plan Selection Profiles by year. Open Enrollment profiles focus on consumers who newly choose a marketplace during the Open Enrollment Period, and do not include counts of renewing consumers. Net plan selection counts only include consumers with an active plan selection at time of reporting, meaning the counts are limited to the subset of consumers who still have an active or pending enrollment at the close of Open Enrollment. Gross plan selection counts include all plan selections, including those who have terminated their plan or have been cancelled for nonpayment at the close of Open Enrollment.
Open Enrollment and Renewal Plan Selection Profiles
Use the table below to download annual Open Enrollment and Renewal Net and Gross Plan Selection Profiles by year. Net plan selection counts only include consumers with an active plan selection, meaning the counts are limited to the subset of consumers who still have an active or pending enrollment at the close of Open Enrollment. Gross plan selection counts include all plan selections, including those who have terminated their plan or have been cancelled for nonpayment at the close of Open Enrollment.
| Year | Open Enrollment and Renewal Net Plan Selection Profile | Open Enrollment and Renewal Gross Plan Selection Profile |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 2026 Open Enrollment and Renewal Net Plan Selection Profile | 2026 Open Enrollment and Renewal Gross Plan Selection Profile |
| 2025 | 2025 Open Enrollment and Renewal Net Plan Selection Profile | 2025 Open Enrollment and Renewal Gross Plan Selection Profile |
| 2024 | 2024 Open Enrollment and Renewal Net Plan Selection Profile | 2024 Open Enrollment and Renewal Gross Plan Selection Profile |
| 2023 | 2023 Open Enrollment and Renewal Net Plan Selection Profile | 2023 Open Enrollment and Renewal Gross Plan Selection Profile |
| 2022 | 2022 Open Enrollment and Renewal Net Plan Selection Profile | 2022 Open Enrollment and Renewal Gross Plan Selection Profile |
Renewal Retention Profile
The Renewal Retention profile shows counts of enrollees who renewed their Covered California health plan during the Renewal and Open Enrollment Period and cancelled or terminated their plan with a coverage end date of no later than January 31st. Termination Rates reflect the share of disenrolled consumers as a share of all consumers with a renewal plan selection.
Active Member Profiles
The Active Member Profile shows counts of enrollees who have paid and have effective coverage through Covered California during the reporting month. The profiles provide enrollment counts broken down by plan information, consumer demographics, and geographies such as rating region, county, and legislative district.
Medi-Cal Transitioner Profiles
Use the table below to download quarterly Medi-Cal Transitioner Profiles. The report contains eligibility and enrollment details on consumers who transition from Medi-Cal to Covered California. This includes enrollment information for the subset of Medi-Cal transitioners, who under authorization of Senate Bill 260 (Senate Bill 260 (Chapter 845, Statutes of 2019), are automatically enrolled consumers following discontinuance from Medi-Cal and found to be eligible for subsidized coverage with Covered California.
| Year | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| March | June | September | December | |
| 2026 | 2026 March Profile | 2026 June Profile | ||
| 2025 | 2025 March Profile | 2025 June Profile | 2025 September Profile | 2025 December Profile |
| 2024 | 2024 March Profile | 2024 June Profile | 2024 September Profile | 2024 December Profile |
| 2023 | 2023 September Profile | 2023 December Profile |
Implementation of SB 260 coincided with the unwinding of continuous coverage protections under the Public Health Emergency. The following profile summarizes enrollment during the unwinding year, from July 2023 to June 2024:
Enrollment Data Snapshots
Starting in 2027, federal policy changes terminate eligibility for federal financial assistance for many lawfully present immigrants enrolled with Covered California. The Covered California Member Profile by Immigration Status highlights demographics of impacted individuals who were enrolled in coverage for the month of February 2026. Lawfully present immigrants impacted by the change are categorized as "LPI Ineligible for APTC in 2027", while other non-citizens who retain eligibility for APTC are categorized as "Eligible Non-Citizen" within this report.
Open Enrollment and Special Enrollment are both important pathways for consumers who experience coverage churn to gain health insurance at Covered California. This analysis provides background information on the use of Special Enrollment by Covered California enrollees, along with data on Open Enrollment and Special Enrollment consumer risk profiles.
Health Care Cost & Utilization
This section provides claims-based analyses and plan performance resources concerning health care utilization, costs, quality, and equity among Covered California members. It includes the Plan Performance Report and Utilization Report, along with information about the measures, populations, reporting periods, and methods used in each product.
Health Plan Performance Report
The Plan Performance Report is a publicly available report that consolidates performance measures for Covered California health plans and population-level metrics for Covered California members. Built from multiple data sources, the report evaluates health plan performance across three key areas: disparities reduction, cost reduction, and quality improvement. As part of its commitment to holding insurers accountable, Covered California requires health plans to submit data demonstrating their compliance with contractual requirements and their ability to deliver timely, high-quality care to members. This report serves to publicly display the results of these evaluations, ensuring transparency and accountability in addressing disparities, reducing costs, and improving care quality.
Utilization Report
The Covered California Utilization Reports show health utilization by service category, health status, and several demographic subdivisions for on-exchange individual market enrollees. While these reports have similarities to the Plan Performance Report (PPR), their intended purpose is to supplement the PPR with detailed health care utilization metrics, along a full set of demographic characteristics.
Additional Data Resources
This section provides supplemental resources that support the interpretation and use of Covered California data and research. It includes terminology definitions, Covered California news and information, and external resources such as the California Simulation of Insurance Markets (CalSIM).
Glossary of Terms
Definitions for terminology related to Covered California operations, health insurance offerings, and health care policy.
Covered California News Releases
Latest news and information published by Covered California.
California Simulation of Insurance Markets (CalSIM)
The UC Berkeley Labor Center and UCLA Center for Health Policy Research created the California Simulation of Insurance Markets model to help California policymakers, advocates, and stakeholders project the impacts of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on insurance coverage in California, particularly eligibility and enrollment in Medi-Cal, insurance through Covered California, and employer-based coverage, and who remains uninsured.
Issue Briefs & Policy Analyses
This section collects short briefs, reports, and policy analyses released by Covered California on topics such as affordability, coverage, marketplace performance, health care access, quality, and related policy issues. Resources are organized by topic and publication year.
Affordability & Subsidies
- Without Extension of Enhanced Federal Tax Credits in 2026, Renewing Consumers Switched Down to Lower Coverage Bronze Plans and Now Face Higher Out-of-Pocket Costs (Covered California, 2026)
- Many of California’s Lawfully Present Non-Citizens Will Lose Eligibility for Federal Financial Assistance in 2027 (Covered California, 2026)
- Many Californians Go Uninsured after Expiration of Federal Enhanced Tax Credits (Covered California, 2026)
- Costs of Care for Marketplace Consumers Switching to Bronze Could Double (Covered California, 2026)
- Fact Sheet on Impact of Enhanced Premium Tax Credit Expiration (Covered California, 2025)
- California Congressional District Data on Enhanced Premium Tax Credit Expiration (Covered California, 2025)
- Impact of Enhanced Premium Tax Credits for Covered California Enrollees in 2026 (Covered California, 2025)
- Consumer Premiums Will Spike and Insurance Enrollment Gains Will Be Reversed if Enhanced Premium Tax Credits are Allowed to Expire – Brief 1 of 5 in a Series (Covered California, 2025)
- Enhanced Premium Tax Credits Increase Health Coverage Affordability and Economic Opportunity for Self-Employed Consumers – Brief 2 of 5 in a Series (Covered California, 2025)
- Enhanced Premium Tax Credits Ensure Affordable Coverage for Older Enrollees – Brief 3 of 5 in a Series (Covered California, 2025)
- Taking Away Enhanced Premium Tax Credits Substantially Undermines Affordable Coverage for Communities of Color – Brief 4 of 5 in a Series (Covered California, 2025)
- Enhanced Premium Tax Credits Ensure Access to Affordable Coverage for Rural Areas – Brief 5 of 5 in a Series (Covered California, 2025)
- Premium Rate Shock and Coverage Loss Inevitable if Enhanced Financial Assistance is not Extended (Covered California, 2022)
- Bringing Health Care Coverage Within Reach: Measuring the Financial Assistance Available through Covered California that is Lowering the Cost of Coverage and Care (Covered California, 2016)
- Bringing Health Care Coverage Within Reach – Data Sheet (Covered California, 2016)
Coverage Transitions & Churn
- Medi-Cal to Marketplace Automatic Enrollment Program (Covered California, 2024)
- Coverage When You Need It: Insurance Coverage Transitions (Covered California, 2020)
- Coverage When You Need It – Chart Pack (Covered California, 2020)
Federal Policy Proposals
- Reinsurance Program Estimates for 2019-2021 (Milliman, 2018)
- Preliminary Analysis of the American Health Care Act (Covered California, 2017)
- Potential Impacts to the Federal Budget of Not Directly Funding Cost-Sharing Reduction Subsidies (Covered California, 2017)
- Analysis of Impact to California’s Individual Market if Federal Policy Changes are Implemented (Covered California, 2017)
- How Cost-Sharing Reductions Work (Covered California, 2017)
- Senate Letter on NASHP Better Care Reconciliation Act Analysis (Covered California, 2017)
- AHCA Would Deliver Coverage in Name Only for Many with Unaffordable Deductibles (Covered California, 2017)
- Letter to CBO on CSR Funding and Reinsurance (Covered California, 2017)
Health Care Access & Utilization
- Covered California Helps Members Access Preventative Health Care – 2024 Care by the Numbers (Covered California, 2026)
Marketing & Outreach
- Marketing Matters: Lessons from California (Covered California, 2017)
Innovation and Competition in the Market
- Covered California’s First Five Years (Covered California, 2019)
- Options to Improve Affordability (Covered California, 2019)
- Holding Plans Accountable for Quality and Delivery System Reform (Covered California, 2019)
- Individual Insurance Markets: Enrollment Changes in 2018 (Covered California, 2018)
- Roller Coaster Continues: Prospects for Individual Markets (Covered California, 2018)
- Reducing Premiums and Maximizing the Stabilization of Individual Markets for 2019 and Beyond (Covered California, 2018)
- Report on Merging the Individual and Small Group Markets (PWC, 2018)
- Key Ingredients to Creating a Viable Individual Market That Works for Consumers (Covered California, 2018)
- Covered California Continues to Attract Sufficient Enrollment and a Good Risk Mix Necessary for Marketplace Sustainability (Covered California, 2017)
- National Health Reform Agenda: Critical Elements for Assuring Patient/Consumer Access to Coverage and Care (Covered California, 2017)
- Protecting Consumers and Providing Competitive Options (Covered California, 2017)
- Recommended Actions to Ensure Stability in the Health Insurance Market for 2018 and 2019 (Covered California, 2017)
- Options for Addressing Counties that have No Individual Market Qualified Health Plan for 2018 (Covered California, 2017)
- Covered California Open Enrollment 2013-14: Lessons Learned (Covered California, 2014)
Consumer Research & Surveys
This section provides survey-based and qualitative research on consumer awareness of Covered California and the ACA, coverage decisions, enrollment experiences, and access to care.
California Health Coverage Survey
The California Health Coverage Survey (also known as Covered California’s Member Survey) is fielded annually following the close of Open Enrollment. The survey seeks to understand Covered California’s consumers’ experiences applying to and enrolling in coverage, and using that coverage to access health care.
- 2025 California Health Coverage Survey (Covered California & NORC, 2025)
- 2024 California Health Coverage Survey (Covered California & NORC, 2024)
- 2023 California Health Coverage Survey (Covered California & NORC, 2023)
California ACA Consumer Tracking Survey
The Consumer Tracking Study was developed to assess changes in consumer awareness and knowledge about the Affordable Care Act and Covered California as well as the effects of exposure to advertising, earned media, and outreach efforts. The survey also measures health insurance purchase motivations and intentions.
- 2015 California ACA Consumer Tracking Survey (Covered California & NORC, 2015)
- 2014 California ACA Consumer Tracking Survey (Covered California & NORC, 2014)
Legislative Reports & Program Documents
This section organizes Covered California’s annual reports to the Legislature, statutory reports on subsidies and premiums, and other annual program documents. Resources are grouped by reporting purpose and program area and are intended to provide historical context on Covered California’s activities, affordability programs, marketplace operations, and legislative responsibilities.
Covered California Annual Reports
Annual report on Covered California’s achievements and activities during fiscal year.
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2024-2025
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2023-2024
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2022-2023
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2021-2022
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2020-2021
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2019-2020
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2016-2017
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2015-2016
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2014-2015
- Covered California Annual Report FY 2012-2013
State Affordability Program Design Documents
Program Design documents detailing eligibility and structure for state affordability programs for each plan year.
- 2027 Covered California State Subsidy Program Design
- 2026 Covered California State Subsidy Program Design
- 2025 California Enhanced Cost-Sharing Reduction Program Design
- 2024 California Enhanced Cost-Sharing Reduction Program Design
- 2021 Covered California State Subsidy Program Design
- 2020 Covered California State Subsidy Program Design
Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
Annual determinations of California’s individual shared responsibility penalty amounts.
- 2027 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2026 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2025 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2024 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2023 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2022 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2021 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
- 2020 Individual Share Responsibility Penalty
Proposition 22 – Average Bronze Premium
Annual statewide average Bronze premium used for Proposition 22 indexing.
- 2027 Proposition 22 Average Bronze Premium
- 2026 Proposition 22 Average Bronze Premium
- 2025 Proposition 22 Average Bronze Premium
- 2024 Proposition 22 Average Bronze Premium
AB 174 State Subsidy Reports
Pursuant to Assembly Bill No. 174 (AB 174), these reports report on the enrollment process for California’s individual market financial assistance program.
- AB 174 State Subsidy Report – March 2021
- AB 174 State Subsidy Report – December 2020
- AB 174 State Subsidy Report – March 2020
Other Legislative and Program Documents
- Impacts on Health Insurance Premiums Resulting from Data Sharing with HCAI (Covered California, 2023)
- 2025-2026 AB 1511 Report
Published Research
This section catalogs selected external research articles and reports that use Covered California data or examine Affordable Care Act marketplaces and related policy questions. Publications are grouped by topic and labeled by year, with authorship and publication information provided for each item; an asterisk identifies publications authored or co-authored by Covered California staff.
Access, Networks, Competition, and Interoperability
- Assigned But Not Anchored: A Study of Primary Care Provider Utilization Among Covered California Enrollees (Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2026) – Rubino, Taylor, Hagen*
- An Investigative Study of Hospital Market Competition in Monterey County (OHCA/HCAI, 2025) – Office of Health Care Affordability
- How an ACA Marketplace Is Stemming the Slide on Continuity (Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2025) – Rubino & Soni*
- Inertia, Market Power, and Adverse Selection in Health Insurance: Evidence from the ACA Exchanges (Journal of Economics and Statistics, 2025) – Saltzman, Swanson, Polsky
- Nonparametric Estimates of Demand in the California Health Insurance Exchange (Econometrica, 2023) – Tebaldi, Togorvitsky, Yang
- To Advance Interoperability, Look To Market-Based Strategies (Health Affairs Forefront, 2023) – Adler-Milstein et al.*
- What Are Consumers Willing to Pay for a Broad Network Health Plan? Evidence from Covered California (Journal of Health Economics, 2019) – Drake
Affordability, Subsidies, and Premiums
- The Potential Impact of Marketplace Enhanced Premium Tax Credit Expiration (Health Affairs Forefront, 2025) – Altman*
- Total Cost of Coverage for Members in California’s Marketplace (Health Affairs Scholar, 2025) – Kohn et al.*
- Interventions to Increase Affordable Care Act Marketplace Enrollment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Population Health Management, 2024) – Martin et al.*
- The Affordability of Individual-Market Health Insurance In California Under the American Rescue Plan Act, 2021 (Health Affairs, 2023) – Fung et al.*
- Premium Tax Credits and The American Rescue Plan and Off-Marketplace Enrollees (American Journal of Managed Care, 2022) – Fung et al.*
- Growth in ACA-Compliant Marketplace Enrollment and Spending Risk Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Health Affairs, 2021) – Hsu et al.*
- Potential Effects of Eliminating the Individual Mandate Penalty In California (Health Affairs, 2019) – Fung et al.
- Nearly One-Third of Enrollees in California's Individual Market Missed Opportunities to Receive Financial Assistance (Health Affairs, 2017) – Fung et al.
- Sorting Out the Health Risk in California's State-Based Marketplace (Health Services Research, 2015) – Bindman et al.*
Enrollment, Transitions, and Churn
- ACA Marketplace Take-up Was High After Facilitated Enrollment in California; Disparities Remained (Health Affairs, 2026) – Hagen et al.*
- Smooth journey: Facilitating Transitions from Medicaid to Marketplace Plans using Phone Outreach (Health Affairs Scholar, 2025) – Lovchikova, Wolf, Menashe*
- Assessment of Churn in Coverage Among California’s Health Insurance Marketplace Enrollees (JAMA Health Forum, 2022) – Wolf, Slosar, Menashe*
- Effect of Personalized Outreach on Medicaid to Marketplace Coverage Transitions: A Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA Health Forum, 2022) – Ravel et al.*
Implementation, Operations, and Program Lessons
- Streamlining Enrollment: Covered California Transitioning from MediCal (California Health Care Foundation (report), 2024) – CHCF
- Making Marketplaces Work: California's Ingredients for Success (Health Affairs Forefront, 2016) – Lee*
- Whither Health Insurance Exchanges Under the Affordable Care Act? Active Purchasing Versus Passive Marketplaces (Health Affairs Forefront, 2015) – Robinson, Lee, Goldman*
Plan Choice, Switching, and Behavioral Nudges
- Automating Benefits Delivery: Lowering Health Insurance Costs for Unemployment Insurance Recipients (Health Affairs Scholar, 2024) – Lian, Lovchikova, Feher*
- Email Nudges Increased Eligibility Verification and Subsidy Receipt In California’s ACA Marketplace (Health Affairs, 2024) – Myerson & Feher*
- Health Plan Switching and Health Care Utilization: A Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA Health Forum, 2024) – Lovchikova, Feher, Lian*
- Improving Choices in Health Insurance: Evidence from California (SSRN, 2024) – Lovchikova et al.*
- Comparing The Effects of Nudges and Automatic Plan Switching on Choice Errors Among Low-Income Marketplace Enrollees (Health Affairs, 2023) – Wolf et al.*
- Personalized Letters and Emails Increased Marketplace Enrollment Among Households Eligible for Zero-Premium Plans (Health Affairs, 2023) – Feher & Menashe*
- Effectiveness of Behaviorally Informed Letters on Health Insurance Marketplace Enrollment: A Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA Health Forum, 2022) – Yokum et al.*
- Personalized telephone outreach increased health insurance takeup for hard-to-reach populations, but challenges remain. (Health Affairs, 2022) – Myerson et al.*
- The Role of Behavioral Frictions in Health Insurance Marketplace Enrollment and Risk: Evidence from a Field Experiment (American Economic Review, 2021) – Domurat, Menashe, Yin*
- Using Email And Letters To Reduce Choice Errors Among ACA Marketplace Enrollees (Health Affairs, 2021) – Feher & Menashe*
- California’s New Gold Rush: Marketplace Enrollees Switch To Gold-Tier Plans In Response To Insurance Premium Changes (Health Affairs, 2019) – Rasmussen, Rice, Kominski
Utilization, Outcomes, and Equity
- Covered California’s Data Tells a Fuller Story About ACA Marketplace Utilization (Health Affairs Forefront, 2025) – Rubino & Wolf*
- Outreach for equity: Learning from Enrollees on California State–Based Exchange (Health Services Research, 2025) – Rubino et al.*
- Using Data Exchange to Improve Quality Reporting, Target Outreach, and Reduce Cost (American Journal of Managed Care, 2025) – Rubino, Hart-Connor, May*
- Table Stakes for Equity — Consumer Demographic Data at a State-Based Marketplace (New England Journal of Medicine, 2024) – Soni & Altman*
- California's Marketplace Innovations: Driving Health Plan Accountability for Quality & Equity (Health Affairs Forefront, 2022) – Chen & Lee*
- Access to High-Cost Medications After a Cap on Monthly Out-of-Pocket Spending in California (JAMA Network Open, 2021) – Taylor et al.*
- Moving the Needle on Primary Care: Covered California's Strategy to Lower Costs and Improve Quality (Health Affairs Forefront, 2017) – Lang, Lee, Grumbach*
- The Redesign of Consumer Cost Sharing for Specialty Drugs at the California Health Insurance Exchange (American Journal of Managed Care, 2016) – Robinson, Price, Goldman*